Corrections & Retractions

When significant errors are identified after publication, the editorial office may issue a correction, an editorial notice (expression of concern) or retract the article. Such decisions are documented and published openly, linked to the article concerned.

• Correction — for errors that do not invalidate the findings;
• Expression of concern — while an investigation is in progress;
• Retraction — for fabrication, serious plagiarism, duplicate publication or errors that invalidate the conclusions. The retracted article remains accessible with a clear retraction notice.

To report a problem write to fozilovhasann@gmail.com.